Printing-telegraph



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PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No, 267,366. Patented Nov. 14, 1882.

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G. M. PHELPS.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH. No. 267,366 Patented Nov. 14, 1882.

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PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

N0 267,366. v Patented Nov. 14, I882.

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PRINTING TELEGRAPH. I

No. 267,366. Patented-Nov. 14, 1882.

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' G. M. PHELPS.

- PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 267,366. f Patented Nov. 14, 1882.

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No. 267,366. Patented Nov. 14, 1882.

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PRINTING TELEGRAPH. No. 267,366. Patented Nov. 14, 1882.

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G. M. PHELPS.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 267,366. Patented Nov. 14, 1882.

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PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

Patented Nov. 14, 1882.

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(No Model.)

G. M. PHELPS.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

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UNTTE STATES ATENT Tia-Tea GEORGE M. Panties, O BROOKLYN, NEw' YORK.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 267,366, dated November14, 1882.

Application filed April I, 1882.

Wheels of the receiving-instrument are connected to and rotated by therevolving armature of an electromagnetic motor. The armatu re ofthemotor is actuated by three stationary electro-magnets whose cores are indifferent radial planes, and whose respective coils form parts of threeindependent main lines through which the current of a main-line batteryis successively directed. The three main lines-one at a time in regularsuccession-are connected to the main battery by means ofa commutator orpulsator at the transmittingstation, which is geared with a rotatingshaft whose movement is derived from any suitable motor, and which isarrested and permitted to start at the pleasure of the transmittingoperator by means of a series of transmittingkeys.

The motor-armature of the receiving-instrument consists of asymmetrically-arranged series of magnetic bars, each of which in itsproperturn is attracted by one of the stationary electro-magnets throughthe space represented by one character upon the type-wheels. Thearmature-barsand the stationary electro-magnets are so arranged withreference to relative numbers and position that when one of theelectro-magnets has rotated the armature, and has drawn one of the barsof the armature to its cores, another of the bars, by the same movementof the armature, will be drawn toward another of the three motorelectro-magnets, and will be separated therefrom by a space equal toonly one-third of the space separating two contiguous bars of thearmature. After an armature-bar has been drawn to the cores of one ofthe motor electro-magnets the (No model.)

a second space equal to one-third of the distance between two ofthearmature-bars. When the armature-bar last attracted is drawn oppositethe cores of the second electro-magnet the main-line battery is divertedfrom the second line to the third line, which magnetizes the thirdelectro-magnet and attracts another of the armature-bars through a thirdspace equal to one-third of the distance between two contiguousarmature-bars. Thus, upon successively closing the main-line batterythrough the three main lines the three electro-magnets of the motorsuccessively attract different bars of the armature, and the type-wheelis rotated step by step a space represented by three characters thereon;and to give the type-wheel a complete rotation the battery must beclosed through each of the three main lines as many times as there arebars upon the rotating ar mature; and thus the product ofthe stationaryelectro-magnets and the bars upon the rotating armature must equal thenumber of characters or spaces therefor upon each of the type- Wheels.Since a telegraph-line requires a definite time for discharging beforeit can be recharged, without running succeeding pulsations into oneanother to form a continuous current, the number of pulsations that maybe passed over a line is limited. at three-line motor this diffioulty islargely overcome, as while one motor-magnet is discharging the armatureis given two succeeding steps of rotation, thus enabling a typewheel tobe driven nearly three times faster than when only one line is used.

l/Vhile the movement of the type-wheel for the purpose of bringing anydesired character to position for printing is effected wholly by shortelectrical impulses of one polarity, printing is effected by reversingthe main-line battery-current upon any one of the three main lines. Thepress-lever is operated by a polarized electro-magnet having coilsthereon in multiple arc, and forming parts, respectively, of the threemain lines. The polarized electromagnet may therefore be operated toprint at each step of rotation of the armature, as the mainbatt'erycurrent will then be flowing through some one of the threedivisions of the printing electro-magnet. :At the transmittingstationthe three main lines are connected, one

However, with at a time, through a pulsator, to a single conductor,which is connected to earth. In this single conductor is situated apole-changing apparatus and a main-line battery, whereby the main-linebattery is reversed and again reversed to its normal polarity, and allwhile the transmitting-key is depressed and before being released.During the entire period that any one of the transmitting-keys isdepressed the pulsator will be arrested and the main battery will becontinued in connection with one line. Thus the type-wheel will remainlocked by virtue of the electromagnetic attraction between one of thestationary magnets of the motor and one of the bars of the rotatingarmature ot' the receivirig-instrument.

The means here employed for bringing the type-wheels of a series ofreceiving-instruments to unison for effecting printing upon either ofthe two type-wheels at the pleasure of the transmitting operator, andfor feeding the paper step by step, are all well known. For effectingunison the free end of an arm rests between spiral threads upon thetype-wheel sh aft. The type-wheel is provided with a stop-pin, and upona continued rotation of the typewheel the free end of the bar restingbetween the spiral threads will be carried to a position to intercept afurther movement of the stop upon the type -wheel. Upon reversing themain-line current the press'lever is actuated, which in turn releasesthe unison device. For effecting printing upon either of the twotypewheels the type-wheel shaft is provided with two radial pinssituated in different radial planes. The presslever carries a smallpivoted T-lever, which is connected with the transversely-movableprinting-pad. In one position of the type-wheel shaft, if the pressleveris raised, one arm of the T-lever will be depressed by coming in contactwith one of the radial pins upon the type-wheel shaft, and theprinting-pad will be thrown laterally from a position to print from onetype-wheel into a position to print from the other type-wheel.

By a further movement of the type-wheel shaft, and by raising thepress-lever a second time, the other arm of the T-lever will bedepressed and the press-pad will be shifted to its first position. Thepaper ribbon upon which the message is printed is drawn the space of oneletter at each backward movement of the presslever by means of apawl andthe ratchet-wheel, which is connected with a driving-roller. Each of themain lines at the transmitting-station terminates in a spring whose freeend is in the path of the conducting projections of the rotatingpulsator or commutator, which is connected with the main-line battery.The pulsator'contacts and the terminal springs of the main line arerelatively so situated that upon the movement of the pulsator through aspace equal to that separating the center of two contact projectionsconnection will be made successively between all of the differentcontacts of the pulsator and all of the main-line terminals, and upon acomplete rotation of the pulsator as many pulsations will be sent overeach of the main lines as there are arms upon the pulsator.

The main-line pulsator and the key-cylinder of the transmitter are bothfrictionally geared with a epnstantlyonoving motor. Upon depressing anytransmitting-key, not only is the key-cylinder arrested, but themain-line pulsator is also stopped. 3y arresting the keycylinder a localcircuit is closed, and this 10- cal circuit energizes one of a series ofelectromagnetic stops, which arrests an arm rigidly fixed upon the shaftof the pulsator. The movement of the driving-motor, however, is notarrested upon depressing a key to etfect printing, but is continuous;and upon releasing a transmitting-key which has been depressed the motorinstantly imparts its motion to the key-cylinder, which in turn servesto break the local circuit of the electromagnetic stop, whereupon theshaft of the pulsator is free to move, and motion from theconstantlymoving motor is instantly imparted thereto. The shaft of themain-line commutator, being provided with a radial stop-arm, issurrounded by a series of eleotro-magnets circularly arranged, havingarmatures, any one of which may be attracted upon arresting thekey-cylinder to a position within the path of the rotating arm, and tothereby arrest the pulsator. Each of this series of electroanagnets isin a branch circuitjoining the poles of a local battery, and each ofthese branches of the local battery is closed by either of two of thetransmitting-keys. Thus at the transmitter there are half as manystop-magnets, and there are also half as many branches connecting onepole of the local battery and the key-board as there are keys thereon.By depressing a transmitting-key the key-cylinder will be arrested in acertain position, the poles of the local battery will be closed throughthat local branch and its stop-magnet corresponding with the keydepressed, the main-line pulsator will be arrested in a positioncorresponding with the arrested position of the key-cylinder, and thecharacter represented by ,the key depressed will be printed upon thereceiving-instrument, since upon arresting the main-line pulsatorthemain-line battery is thereby reversed. As each branch of the localbattery may be closed through either of two transmitting-keys, thoughnot simultaneously, the main-line pulsator must be geared to make tworotations during one rotation of the key-cylinder. Thus as manypulsations may be sent over the main line at each rotation of thekey-cylinder as there are transmittingkeys. It is by this means thatonly halfas many electromagnetic stops need be employed for arrestingthe mainline pulsator as would otherwise be necessary to enable thepulsator to be arrested at any required position.

The pole-changer for etfectin g printing serves to reverse andre-reverse the main-line battery ceases e automatically upon the meredepression of a transmitting-key, and the double reversal should beeffected as slowly as possible to insure a perfect operation of thepolarized printing-magnet. To this end I have devised what I term anunequal-step escapement, consisting of a releasing-pallet which controlsa stepby-step rotation ofa shaft in such manner that the alternate stepmovements shall be relatively long and short. The pole-changer reversesand re-reverses the battery wholly during the long step movements of theshaft and after the pallet-yoke has "ibrated in one direction, while itis not operated during the short steps of rotation and upon the returnvibration of the pallet-yoke. I Y My inventionfurther embraces a novelc011- struction of a key-cylinder and local-circuit connections whichare opened and closed thereby, whereby contacts therein are made andbroken independently of the mechanical contact between a key and a stopfor arresting the key-cylinder.

1n the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of the key-boardportion of the transmitting apparatus. Fig. 2 is a plan view of themain-line pulsator and pole-changer portion of the transmitter. Fig. 3is a similar view of the same portion of the transmitter, with some ofthe upper parts removed to more fully disclose underlying parts, andparticularly the apparatus in section represented by line 3 3 of Fig. 4.Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section of apparatus on the line 4 4 ofFig. 2. Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section represented by line 5 5of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a view of a vertical transverse section on line 66, Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on the line 7 7 of Fig. 4.Fig. 8 is aside elevation of a circuit-closing comb. Fig. 9 is atransverse section of the same on line 9 9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is alongitudinal section on an enlarged scale through the key-board of thetransmitter.

Fig. 11 is a plan view, on the same scale, of

like parts. Fig. 12 is a longitudinal central section of thekey-cylinder of the transmitter. Fig. 13 is a side elevation, showingmeans for gearing the key-cylinder of one transmitter with a series ofmain-line pulsators and respective pole-changers. Fig. 14 is a diagramrepresenting the key-cylinder, the local battery, a series oflocalbranches joining the poles of said battery, and a series ofelectromagnetic stops for arresting the movement of the rotatingpulsator. Fig. 15 is a plan View of the receiving-instrument. Fig. 16 isa side elevation of the same. Fig. 17 is a detail view, partly inelevation and partly in section on line 17 17 of Figs. 15 and 22. Fig.18 is a detail section on the line 18 18 of Fig. 15. Fig. 19 is anelevation of the ends of the armature-cylinder. Fig. 20 represents asection through the armature-cylinder on line 20 20 of Fig. 21. Fig. 21represents a horizontal section of the armature-cylinder on line 21 21,Fig. 20. Fig. 22 represents a transverse section of the receivingapparatus on line a.. an of Fig. 15. Fig. 23 is an elevation of theelectromotor and details of the receiving-instrument. Fig. 24 is adiagrammatic view of the entire system, showing thereceiving-instrument, the main-line pulsator and pole-changer,electromagnetic stops for arresting the pulsator, and the key'cylinderand circuit connections whereby the armatures of the electromagneticstops may be brought into position to arrest the movement of themain-line pulsator.

My transmitting apparatus is adaptedto close a main-line battery throughany one of three main lines to a distant station or stations at whichreceiving-instruments for recording stock-quotations are located. Thetransmitter also serves to reverse the main-line battery upon that oneof the main lines through'which the battery may happen to be connectedat any instant when it is desired to printacharacter. The transmittingapparatus for accomplishing these results consists of several parts,conveniently shown in Fig. 24, to wit: a main-line pulsator, D, rigidlyfixed to its shaft K, which is also provided with a rigid radial arm, L,which may be arrested by an armature-stop, A, of any one of acircularly-arranged series ofelectro-magnets,1 2 TheshattKisdriven by aspur-wheel, G, connected to said shaft by a friction-collar. The shaft Zis driven by a constant and uniform force derived from any suitablemotor, and said shaft Z is positively geared through a suitable train ofspur-wheels with the frictionally-mounted wheel G. 'Upon theconstantly-rotating shaft Z is also frictionally mounted the hollowgutta-percha keycylinder K O.

L B is a local battery, having one of its poles connected with atransverse bar or plate, 43, while the opposite pole of the battery isdivided into a series of fifteen branches, in each of which is placedone of the electro-magnets 1 2 The extremities of the local branches areconnected to a series of conducting-coir tacts at the back of thekey-cylinder, and upon depressing any one of the transmitting-keysconnection between the two opposite poles of the local battery is made.The depression, therefore, of any one of the transmittingkeys serves toarrest the main-line pulsator l) by closing a branch of the localbattery corresponding to the key depressed, thereby causing the stop Aof its electro-magnet to intercept the arm L of shaft K in such aposition that before being arrested the pulsator will have sent therequired number of pulsations to line to rotate the type-wheel intoposition for printing the character represented by the key depressed. Atthe same time, upon arresting the pulsator, as will be more fullyhereinafter described, the pole-changer is automatically andmechanically actuated to first reverse the main-line battery and to thenagain reverse it to its original polarity before the re lease of thedepressed key.

The pole-changer for reversing, the main-line battery is automatic, andits operation is dependent wholly upon arresting the pulsatorshaft. Thedevices employed consist, first, of pallet-yoke I, frictionally pivotedupon a constantly-rotating shaft, 1, having pallets R and S, and aprojecting arm, T,whose end is preventcd from enteringbetweenthecam-teeth ofratchet-wheel E by its rapid rotation. Shaft I ispositively geared with the constantly-moving motor employed to drive theshaft of the keycylinder. The shaft 1 rotates constantly in a directiontending to carry the end of arm T between the cam-teeth of wheel'E.Therefore when the pulsator and the wheel E, which is rigidly connectedtherewith, are arrested the end of arm T will fall between two teeth ofwheel in, whereupon an escapement-arm of a series, S, will he releasedfrom the pallet S and a second arm of a series, B, will be arrested bythe pallet It; and as the pallet-yoke I is 'i'rictionally mounted uponthe constantlyrotating shaft 1, the end of arm T, upon the release of anescapement-arm, S, from S, will not only he suddenly carried between theteeth of E, but it will be firmly held between two of the teeth duringthe entire time that the put sator is arrested. I

S and 11 represent two series of escapementarms in dilferent horizontalplanes,respectively, and rigidly mounted upon the shaft J, which isrotated upon a release and movement of the escapemcut through the agencyof a spurwhcel frictionally connected wit h said shaft,and which ispositively geared with the constantlyrevolvin motor employed to drivethepulsator. Upon shaft J is also rigidly fixed a notched disk, withinthe notches of which the arm N of lever N may rest. Eswipement-teeth Srotate in the plane of pallet S and above the plane of pallet 11, whichis in the plane of the series of escapement-teeth of 11, and, as is bestshown in Figs. 2 and 3, teeth S in the direction of rotation areslightly in advance of teeth It, and they are so arranged in respect topallets tand S that if a tooth S is retained by S a tooth R will be avery little beyond-pallet 1%. Upon a release of S from S a succeedingtooth, 301, of S will revolve so far as to come nearlyiu contact with S;bntbcfcrethesucceedingtooth,301.,ofSarrives at S a tooth, 500, 0t 1t isarrested by R. Upon releasing S, therefore, the escapeinent moves thedistance that tooth 300 is from R before S is released, or a spacenearly equal to that between adjoiningteeth oftheescatpement. Upon arelease of tooth 300 from B it will move only a very slight distancebefore 301 will be arrested by S. Such distance is shown by the spacebetween the tooth 1% just in advance of It when S is retained by S.Thus, when pallet S releases a tooth S the escapement moves a long step;when It releases a tooth 1% the escapemcnt moves only a very short step.\Vhile pallet S is retaining one of arms S a flat end,

150, of arm N" rests upon the flat surface of However,

the tooth 60 of notched disk H.

upon arresting the pulsator, and thereby permitting the escape of an armS from the pallet S, shaft J will be actuated by pinion N, which isfrictionally mounted on said shaft, and the flat surface of 60 willslide past the end 150 of arm N, and said arm will then fall betweennotches 59 and 60, when the surface 159 of N will rest immediately incontact with the surface 161 of tooth 60. Arm N is thus vibrated in onedirection as cam-tooth 60 slides past its end N, and is "ibrated in anopposite direction after tooth 60 has passed the end of N and when thesurface of 159 fallsin contact with the surface 161. Arm N is rigidlyfixed upon a rock-shaft, O, and is provided with an arm and spring, 35.Rock-shaft is also rigidly connected with an arm, M, which is providedwith insulated pins 23 and 24 at each extremity.

P and P are levers. pivoted respectively at a and 0/. Arm P is connectedby wire 2.) to earth, while arm P is connected by wire 22 through thepulsator l), and to any of the three lines, according to the position ofthe pulsator. \Vhen arm S is held by pallet S the insulated pin 23 is incontact with arm 1 and insulated pin 21 is in contact with arm P, inwhich case the circuit is made from the distant station, through thepulsator, to contact 16, wire 22, arm P, pin 23, conductor 20,binding-post 27, battery M B, bindingpost 25, wire 25, insulating-pin 21, lever P, and wire 29, to earth. Upon the release of arm S from itspallet S, lever N, being given a to-and-t'ro movement, tirst movesinsulatingpin 23 into contact with lever P and pin 24 into contact withlever 1, thus reversingthc battery upon thelinc. Upon the return orbackward movement, however, of lever N, insulated pin 25 is returned toits contact with lever P and pin 21 to contact with lever P. Thus forthe instant that lever N is given its to-and-fro movement by themovement of tooth the battery is twice reversed. During the entire timethat the transmittingkey is depressed the surface 150 of arm N will restin close contact with the surface 161 of tooth 60, owing to the factthat a tooth 1% is retained by its pallet 11. However, upon releasingthe transmitting-lmy the main-line pulsator will resume its rotation,tooth T will be raised from between the cam-teeth of wheel E, andescapement-tooth R will be released from pallet R. The tooth P, however,will rotate only for a very short distance, owing to the fact that asecond tooth S will be almost instantly arrested by its pallet S. Theshort IO- tation of shaft J, however, only serves to cause a slightseparation between the surfaces 150 and 161, as is more clearly shown inFig. 3, and does not serve to operate the polechanger.

The mainline pulsator or commutator 1), means for rotating and arrestingthe same, the pole-changing apparatus, and the unequalstep escapemcutare shown in detail in Figs. 2, 3, 4t, 5, 6, and 7.

In Fig. 4, Z is a bevel spur-wheel, rigidly mounted upon thekey-cylindershaftZ, meshing with bevel-wheel D upon the vertical shaft D. to whichis rigidly fixed spur-wheel H and I". Spur-wheel H meshes with spurwheelG, which is frictionally mounted upon shaft K between the rigid flange Gand sliding collar R, and the collar R is fixed upon shaft K by means ofa pin passing through a longitudinal slot ofthe shaft. Sleeve Rtherefore revolves with the shaft R, but is capable of longitudinalmovement thereon against the tension of spiral spring L. Thedisksurfaces of G are separated from flange G and collar R by a felt orbilliard-cloth washer, for affording proper frictional contact.Spur-wheel G thereforeis subject to constant rotation, and it in turnimparts constant rotation to spur-wheel N, which is also frictionallymounted upon its shaft J by means of collar 6, frictional surfaces 7"f,and spiral spring A, in the same mannerthat wheel G is mounted upon itsshaft K, as is best shown in Fig. 5. The pallet-yoke I is supported uponthe friction-washer l and the rotating flange against which it ispressed by the downward action of the spring 13 acting against theflange r. The notched disk H and escape nient-teeth S and R are allrigidly fixed upon shaft J, and the shafts I and J are both journaled inthe horizontal plates h and h.

Figs. 4, 7, and 14 show a series of fifteen electro-magnets, 1 to 15*,circularly arranged around shaft K. Each electro-magnet is provided withan armature, A, which is normally held slightly elevated from its poleagainst stop 3/ by a spring, at. Thus when no current is passing throughan electro-magnet the end of its armature-lever A is retained slightlyabove the end of the arm L. Upon passing a current of electricitythrough any one of these electro-magnets its armature-lever is drawn toits core and into the path of the end of arm L, thereby arresting shaftK. Thus the shaft K may be arrested at every fifteenth of itsrevolution.

The main-line pulsator D consists ofa metallic disk having five metallicnotches symmetrically arranged upon its periphery,or with their centersseventy-two degrees apart. The three main lines terminate respectivelyin commutator-springs13, 14, and 15, so arranged in respect to theprojections upon the pulsator that when spring 15 is resting uponprojection 17 the pulsator may, upon a further rotation of a distanceequal to one-third of the distance between two projections, or eighteendegrees, bring its projection 20 in contact with spring 14, and upon afurther rotation to the same ex tent projection 18 will come in contactwith spring 13, and upon a still further equal movement spring 15 willbe in contact with projection 21. Thus as the commutator D rotatesconnection is established from the main battery, first through line 2,then through line 1 the circuit through 2 being broken, then through no,the circuit through y being broken,

and again through 2, the circuit through as being broken, and so on.

To secure an electrical contact independent of a rebounding impact dueto interposing a stop in the path of a pin fixed in the rotatingkey-cylinder, I have devised apparatus whereby, upon the depression of akey, the key raises an independent circuit-closing lever to close one ofthe local branches, while at the same time the key interposes a stop inthe path of a cylinder-pin to arrest the cylinder. One end of thecircuit-closing lever cannot make contact until its opposite end hasfallen into a pcripheral cavity. However, the arrangement is such thatthe end of the circuit-closing lever drops into the peripheral cavitybefore the pin in the periphery of the cylinder arrives at the stopinterposed by depressing the key. A depression of the transmittingkeytherefore first imparts a force to the circuit-closing lever withoutcausing it to make contact, which contact will only be possible afterthe key-oylinder has rotated to a predetermined position. After such aposition is reached the circuit-closing lever will operate to makecontact, and such contact will have continued for a short period beforethe key-cylinder will have rotated to a position where it will bearrested. By this means con tact through the local branch to itsstop-magnet will be made somewhat in advance of the arrival of arm L atits position to be arrested, and a local branch will be closed beyondall danger of being momentarily broken bya rebounding ofcontacts uponsuddenlystopping the key-cylinder. As the circuit-closing lever cannotyield until the cylinderis in proper position, instead of causing thekey upon its depression to impinge immediately upon the circuit-closinglever, I interpose between said lever and the key a spring, whereby thekey may be depressed without perceptible resistance whatever may be theposition of the cylinder, and whereby, when a cavity in the cylinder hasarrived opposite the lever, the spring will cause contact to be madewithout further movement of the key.

Figs. 1, 10, 11, 12, and 14 show akey-board arrangement and localconnectionsfor establishing a circuit through the local battery L B andany one of the series of electromagnets 1M 231. v

in Fig. 12, Z represents the constantlyrotating transmitter-shaft, uponwhich is frictionally mounted the hollow key-cylinder K G, constructedof any suitable insulating material. D P is a driving-pulley, and U is afriction-collar rigidly fixed upon cylinder K O. 148 and 129respectively represent felt or billiardcloth packings for giving africtional connection between D P and U. t is a series of springsextending from the periphery of D P and pressing packing 129 againstcollar U.

The key-cylinderisprovided withtwo seriesof fifteen cavities each. Eachcavity-130 of one series and 230 of the other seriesexteudscircumferentially a short distance around the pcripheryof the cylinder;and each series of cavities is arranged spirally along its length, andin close proximity to each cavity are placed metallic stops-128 of oneseries and 228 of the otherby means of which the cylinder may bearrested. The two spiral series of stops and cavities begin at one pointat one end of the cylinder and diverge toward the opposite end, wherethey meet at a point diametrically opposite upon the cylinder. Thus oneseries of cavities and respective stops are upon a separatesemtcylindrical surface, while the second series are upon the oppositehalf.

In Fig. 10, 164, 165, 166, 167, and 168 represent the key-board frame,upon which is attached a transverse metallic bar, 43, to which are fixeda series of devices supplemental to each key. Upon depressing key L K,which rests upon and is pivoted over a felt support, 113, and ismaintained in position by means of a pin, 112, which passes through anopening in the key 113, projecting portion of the key 114 raises thespring 115, thereby bringing pin 127 into the path of stop 128.Simultaneously as the key-cylinder is arrested the end of spring 116causes arm 125, which is pivoted at 123, to close an electrical contactbetween set-screw 119 and spring 124. \Vhen arm 125 is thus raisedspring 117 will be forced somewhat to the right, and arm 125 will restabove the line joining the pivot of 125 and center of roller 120, and atthe same time roller 122 will rest within the peripheral cavity 130 ofthe key-roller. It is also to be observed that an electrical connectionbetween the spring 124; and the set-screw 119 cannot be effected untilthe key-cylinder has rotated to such a position as to permit roller 122to fall within the corresponding cavity upon K 0. It is to be seen,however, from Figs. 10 and 24 that the roller 122 will enter the cavity130 for a considerable time before the lug 128 will arrive at a positionto be arrested by stop 127. Spring 116 is employed for the purpose ofenabling key L K to be depressed in whatever position the cavity 130 maybe in respectto 122. If the key be depressed before the cavity arrivesopposite 122, the arm 125 cannot be raised; but owing to spring 116 thedepression of the key will not meet any considerable resistance.

- In fact, only that of the tension of the spring 116 will beencountered, and the spring will, after depression of the key,in turnexert a sufficient pressure upon arm 125 to raise it past the center ofroller 120, and to force roller 122 within the cavity of K 0 whenbrought opposite thereto. The spring-connections are so arranged thatelectrical contact between screw 119 and spring 124 cannot be brokenunless the pin 128 is permitted to wholly escape from stop 127. A merevibrating movement of the transmittingkey, which is insufficient topermit an escape or further movement of the cylinder, will not sutli'ceto cause contact to be broken, owing to the agency of the leafspring 117and roller 120. The electrical contact is entirely independent of anymovement of the transmitting-key which will not cause the cylinder to bemoved. It is a movement of the cylinder which causes contact to bebroken, and not the direct movement of the key. The arm 125 beingpressed above the line joining the pivot of 125 and the center of 120,the tension of spring 117 will be suilicient to retain the lever in itsposition of contact unless it is moved therefrom by a positive force. Itkey L K is so far released as to permit pin 128 to escape from its stop127, the key-cylinder will then continue its rotation, and as roller 122will be lifted upon the periphery of the keycylinder the arm 125 will bedepressed and contact with 119 will be broken.

172 and 173 represent bolts for attaching springs 115 and 116 to thetransverse conducting-bar 43. 118 represents one of a series of pendentmetallic bars attached to an insulatin g-bar, T, by a conducting-bolt,126; and 170 represents a vertical side plate of the transmitter forsupporting the transverse insulatingbar T.

I have arranged my transmitter to send as many impulses over the threemain lines as there are transmitting-keys during each revolution of thekey-cylinder and during each revolution of tll6 l y1')6-WllGClS of thereceivinginstrument. It is obviously a necessary condition ofconstruction and operation that the pulsator be capable of beingarrested upon the transmission of every main-line impulse; to the end ofreducing the number of partsin the transmitter, and, insteadofeinploying thirtylocal branches and an equal number of stop-mag netsin the circular series, (there being thirty pulsations sent over themainline during each revolution of the key-cylinder,) by gearing thepulsator-shaft so as to make two rotations to one ofthe key-cylinder, Iam enabled to accomplish the same result with fifteen local branches andfifteen stop-magnets. Each of the local branches is connected with twokeys ofthe keyboard in such manner as to be capable of being closed byeither or both of the two keys.

Fig. 14 represents a key-cylinder, a series of conducting-springs equalthe number of keys upon the key-board, a main-line pulsator, D, acircular arrangement of a series of fifteen stop-magnets, a localbattery, and fifteen local branches, each of which may be closed byeither or both of two transmitting-keys.

160 represents a metallic bar provided with a series of contact-springsequal in number to the number of keys of the key-board. Upon depressinga key one of the springs, as 105,

will, after the key-cylinder has rotated to a proper position, bepressed in contact with'stop 106, mounted in the insulating-bar T. Bythis means electrical connection will be established between one pole ofL B through 160, spring 105, stop-pin 106, wire 107, stop-magnet 1, andbindingpost 40. The poles of the battery can also be closed throughstop-magnet 1; by depressing the extreme right-hand key of IIS theseries, thereby closing spring 101 with pin 102, and completing thecircuit through wire 103 to point 104, thence by wire 107, throughstop-magnet 1 and bindingpost 40, to the opposite pole of the battery.

Although the local circuit through 1 may be closed by depressing eitherthe right-hand or the left-hand key, the stop-arm L could not bearrested at the same time in both cases. As shown in Fig. 1, thecavities and their corresponding stops are in different spiral rows. Thearrangement is such that a cavity and stop of one row is one hundred andeighty degrees from a stop and cavity of the other, and each localcircuit should be connected with such keycontacts as are each opened andclosed by a cavityand stop when the other cavity and stop are onehundred and eighty degrees from a position to open or close the branch.Thus, if the left-hand key were depressed and the stoparm L werearrested at the first time of connecting the branch of magnet 1, L wouldnot be arrested in the event of depressing the righthand key. Thestop-arm would pass by magnet 1* and return after making a fullrevolution before the branch of 1- -would be closed and before L wouldbe arrested. The stop-arm L makes a complete revolution to everyhalf-revolution of the key-cylinder. Thus, if the arm L were arrested by1 at the first half-rotation ot'the key-cylinder, by depressing theleft-hand key, arm L would only be arrested during the secondhalf-rotation of the key-cyh inder on depressing the right-hand key, asthe respective cavities and stops upon the cylinder for the two keys areone hundred and eighty degrees apart. Thus, while one key may close thelocal branch, the cylinder must rotate one hundred and eighty degreesbefore it can be closed by the other key.

While I have here shown thirty tingeekeys and fifteen stop-magnets, I donot wish to limit my invention by such definite numbers, as itis obviousthat if I were to employ thirty-six keys, and were to send thirty-sixpulsations to line during each rotation of the key-cylinder, I couldgear the pulsator-shaft to make three revolutions to one ofthekey-cylinder. At the same time, however, I would be obliged to employonly twelve stop-magnets, as each of the local branches could beconnected with three ofthe transmitting-keys. However, with such anarrangement the live metallic projections upon the pulsator D should bechanged to four.

Figs. 15 to 24, inclusive, show my receiving-instrun'ient, whichconsists of three stationary electro-magnets, a b 0, whose coresprojeotthrough the non-magnetic cylindrical case Asurrounding thearmature; a rotating armature consisting of magnetic bars numbered from1 to 10, which are mounted upon nonmagnetic disks of shaft d; polarizedprintingmagnet XY, havingthree coil divisions, which respectively formparts of three main lines, 00 1 z,- and various other devices, to behereinafter described, for effecting unison, for shifting thetype-wheels to print from letters to figures or figures to letters, andsuitable paper-feeding apparatus. The poles of electro-magnets a, b, and0, whose cores are in different radial planes, are so situated that thedistances between the poles ab and b c are equal; and the extremities oftheir poles are in close proximity to a cylindrical space within whichthe cylindrical armature rotates. The rotating armature here shownconsists of a series of magnetic bars which are monnted upon non-mag.netic disks, thereby forming acylindrical cage;

and all of the armature-bars are equally distant from one another.

In order that the type-wheel may stop in a position for printing anydesired character, and as there are thirty characters upon thetype-wheel, it is necessary that a single rotation of the type-wheel beefiected by thirty step movements; and to this end I have employed amotor-armature having ten magnetic bars and three stationaryelectro-magnets, with their poles so arranged that when one of thearmature-bars, as 1, is directly opposite the poles of electromagnet 0some one of the other armature-bars, as 8, will beat a distance from thepoles of electro-magnet a equal to one-third of the space between twoadjoining armature-bars. Thus the poles of electro-magnet a, when acurrent is passing through its coil, serves to attract one of thearmature-bars a distance equal to one-third of the space betweentwoadjoining bars. Upon breaking the current of the line of magnet a andestablishing it through the line of magnet b the cores of I) in turnattract the armature'bar 10 an equaldistance; and, again, upon removingthe current from the line of cores I) the poles of c attract the armattire-bar 2 an equal space. Thus upon successively connecting a batterywith the lines of electro-magnets a, b, and c the armature issuccessively rotated three equal steps, which are equal to the distancebetween two adjoining bars. To give the armature, upon whose shaft (1the typewheels are mounted, one complete rotation, it is thereforeobvious that the battery must be closed through each of the main lines00, 3 and 2 as many times as there are bars upon the armature.

I am aware that others have employed an electromagnetic motor forrotating type-wheels having two stationary electro-magnets and anarmature consisting of a series of independent magnetic bars. Such anarrangement, however, is incapable of great speed of rotation, while itis also liable to rotate thearrnature in a direction opposite to thatdesired. Where three stationary electro-magnets are employed in a motor,as before described, the particular core in each instance which ismagnetized is, in the first instance, at one-third of an armature-spacefrom the bar to be attracted and at two-thirds of an armature-space fromthe receding bar, as is best shown in Fig. 20,where barS is in aposition to be attracted uponclosing a current through core a, and isone-third of an armature-space therefrom, while the receding bar 7 is ata distance of two-thirds of a space from the core. Thus the approachingbar 8, when the cores of a are magnetized, is only one half as far fromthe core as receding bar 7, wherefore the attraction upon bar 8 will befour times as great as that upon bar 7 at the first instant the cores ofa are magnetized. If only two stationary magnets, as a and 0, wereemployed, the bar 8, at the first instant of magnetizing the cores of a,would be nearly as far from the cores as bar 7, in which event theattraction upon bar 8 would be nearly it not the same as that upon bar7, and no movement of the armature would follow. To avoid thisdifficulty, however, in a two-magnet motor, the armature-bar lastattracted is moved slightly past its core by the inertia of the rotatingarmature. Thus, if bar 1 were moved slightly past the core of 0, the bar8 would be a little nearer the cores of a than the bar 7; \Vith such anarrangement, however, as the attractive forces upon 7 and 8 in oppositedirections are so nearly balanced, the first part of the movement of thearmature is necessarily very slow, and only little speed of rotation canbe attained.

A further marked advantage from the employment of three or more mainlines and three or more independent motor-magnets arises from the factthat while the main-line current is closed through one magnet, othermagnets, having been previously chargethwill have time to becomeelectrically discharged; and since an electro-magnet has a definite timeof charge and discharge, the velocity of the motor can be greatlyincreased, since the motor will be subject to the action of anelectro-magnet while electromagnetic discharge is occurring in theothers through which the circuits are broken, and which are temporarilynot in use.

1t is obvious that, instead of employing three main lines and threeelectro-magnets, a, b, and 0, four or even five main lines could beemployedby adopting a corresponding number of stationary magnets; also,instead ofemploying a rotating armature having ten magnetic bars, onehaving six, eight, ten, or twelve could equally well be used. If fivemain lines and an armature having twelve magnetic bars were employed,sixty successive step movements would accompany each rotation of thearmature. Also, ifit were desired to have forty-five characters upop thetype-wheel, it would be necessary to accompany each rotation withforty-five step movements, and it, under such circumstances, three lineswere employed, it would be necessary that the armature should havefifteen magnetic bars.

My means for effecting printing consists of two polarizedelectro-magnets, X and Y, each having three independent coils formingparts, respectively, of the main lines 00, y, and z. The righthand coilsboth of X and Y are connected together and form a part of the main linea". The middle coils are connected together and form a part of main line3 3etween the facing poles of X and Y is mounted the polarized armature0, having pole-pieces O and G. \Vhen acurreutispassingthrongh either ofthe lines m, y, or z, of normal polarity, the poles of armature G areheld against the coils of Y, and the press mechanism is in a retractedposition in respect to the typewheels. However, alter the pulsator D atthe transmitting-station has been rotated to a predetermined position tomove the type-wheels to a position for printing any desired character,and is there arrested, the battery is reversed over that one of thelines forming the main-line circuit, and the type-wheels of thereceivirig-instrument are not only locked inposition,butthepolarizedarmatureis attracted to the cores of X and thepress mechanism is lifted, thereby pressing a ribbon of paper againstthe type-wheel.

The unison device employed is shown in Figs. 15, 16, 22, and 23, andconsists of a worm, 0, upon the type-wheel shaft, a pivoted lever whosefree end, it, rests between the threads of the worm, and a stop, at,upon the typewheel shaft. The pivoted baris also provided with a stop,a. If the type-wheels are continued in operation for several revolutionsafter printing any character, the worm will cause arm n to be carriedinto a position to arrest movement of m. This mechanism is well knownand need not be further described.

To hold the type-wheels accurately in position, and to prevent theirbounding backward upon their coming to unison and upon the arrest of pinm by stop a, I place upon shaft (1 ofthe type-wheels and motor-armaturea ratchet-wheel, (1, provided with a point, (1", whose end engages withthe teeth of d and will prevent its backward movement.

Type-wheels 1 and F are rigidly connected together, and are mounted uponthe typewheel shaft (1.

B is a press-lever attached to the polar armature O. Upon the pressleverB is mounted a shaft, k, provided with a printing-roller, which canslide laterally in a direction transverse to the plane of printing-leverB. Upon the shaft k is a sleeve, j, and a collar, h. A T-lever, 1, whoseend rests within the collar h, is pivoted at g, and and f are radialarms in diifereut radial planes passing through shaft (1. In theposition shown in Fig. 23, if the press-lever is raised, the left arm ofthe T-lever will come in contact with the radial arm 0, and the hangingarm of lever I. will press the printing-pad and its shaft to the right,thereby leaving the pad in position to print from the right-handtype-wheel. Again, if the type-wheel be so moved that radial armf isover the left-hand arm ofT and lever l, and the press mechanism beraised, the pendent arm of Zwill be driven to the left and theprinting-pad will he moved to a position to print from the left-hand orletter type-wheel.

This mechanism is old, and is here specifically disclaimed.

The press-lever B is normally in its lowest position, and the polarizedarmature is in close proximity to the right-hand electro-magnet Y. LeverB is partially sustained by a small leafspring, 8, which, thoughinadequate to raise it, is of sufiicient strength to renderits operationcomparatively quick.

The paper-feedingdevice is of an ordinary character, and is shown inFigs. 17 and 18. q is a press-roller mounted upon a spring, q. r is aroller connected with the driving-ratchet r, and is actuated a step at atime upon each backward movementofthe polarized armature, after theoperation of printing. a is a rigid bar fixed into the upper part ofpress-lever B. t is a flexible bar, also fixed into the upper part ofpress-lever B, upon which the driving-pawl s is mounted. To effectproper adjustment of the pawl s, a set-screw, 22, passing through theupper end of lever u, is provided, whereby the position of tin respectto a may be varied.

In Fig. 7, represents a series of metallic pins, each of which iselectrically connected with one of the circular series of stop-magnets.Corresponding with the series of pins 80 is another series of pins, 81,(shown in Fig. 9,) forming terminals for the local branches from thekey-board of the transmitter. By means of the comb circuit-closer, asshown in Figs. 8 and 9, connection is made from the key-board througheach local branch to its stop-magnet,

through the pin 80, leaf-spring 82, metallic plate 84,1eaf-spring 83,pin 81, thence to its stop-magnet, and from there to a series ofmetallic pins, .40, which are all electrically connected by oneconductor to one pole of the local battery. I

In Figs. 8 and 9, represents a flat bar of insulating material. 87 isthe supporting-plate of a series of stop-magnets, and 86 is a plate towhich the local branches from the key-board are connected. I find such ameans of simultaneously connecting all of the local branches ofimportance, as it is necessary to make the pulsator and pole-changerpart of the transmitter detachable from the key-board portion forconvenience of repairs.

For convenience of description I have heretofore described onetransmitting apparatus and one receiving-instrument only. It will beobvious, however, from an inspection of Fig. 24 that, instead ofconnecting the lines a; y 2 immediately to earth, they may extendthrough a series of receiving-instruments, and that all of theinstruments in line may act in unison to record the same messages; also,in addition to employing with one transmitter a series ofreceiving-instruments upon one set of lines, which I will call onecircuit, 1 may gear with the motor driving the key-cylinder shaft, asshown in Fig. 13, a series of main-line pulsators and respectivepole-changers. The bevelwheel X? upon the key-cylinder shaft drives theshaft Y, upon which are mounted a series of spur-wheels, each one ofwhich serves to drive a pulsating and pole-changing arrangement foroperating a three-line circuit. lnsuch an arrangement, however, it willbe necessary to connect the corresponding stopmagnets of thetransmitters of separate circuits all in one local branch and to thesame keyof the transmitter. By this means not only may the message betransmitted to any one of many instruments upon the same circuit, but itmay be transmitted to every instrument upon a great number of branchcircuits. The depression of one transmitting-key, which will arrest thekey-cylinder, will serve to arrest simultaneously in the same relativeposition the stop-arms of all the different pulsators, and will at thesame time effect the operation of each of the respective polechangers.

that I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of a series of three or more main lines, a main-linebattery, a rotating pulsator for connecting the battery and main linessuccessively, and a pole-changer for reversing. the main-line battery.

2. The combination of a rotating main-line pulsator for connecting abattery successively with a series of three or more main lines and anautomatic pole-changer, which automatically operates to reverse thebattery upon arresting the action of the pulsator.

3. The combination of a series of transmitting-keys, a local battery anda series of local branches, a series of stop-magnets, and a retatingpulsator-shaft having a rotating arm, whereby upon depressing any one ofthe transmitting-keysthe poles of the local battery are closed throughthat one of the stop-magnets which will arrest the pulsator in aposition of rotation corresponding with the key depressed.

4. The combination of a constantly-moving motor, a rotating main-linepulsator and a keycylinder, both of which are separatelyand frictionallyconnected with said motor, a series of transmitting-keys, and a seriesof stops for arresting the pulsator, whereby upon depressing anytransmitting-key the key-cylinder and pulsator may both be arrested atpositions corresponding with the key depressed, while the motorcontinues in motion.

5. The combination of a main-line battery, a main-line pulsator, akey-cylinder, a motor for rotating the key-cylinder and pulsator inunison, a series of transmitting-keys and branch conductors of a localbattery, and a series of electromagnetic stops placed in said localbranch conductors,the whole beingso arranged that when a key isdepressed the circuit of that magnetic stop corresponding with the keydepressed will be closed and the pulsator will be arrested at the sameinstant that the depressed finger-key arrests the key-cylinder.

6. A key-cylinder having both a peripheral cavity and a stop-pincorresponding with each key of the key-board.

7. The combination of a key'cylinder having

